In patients with tuberculosis and diabetes after lung resection, dangerous conditions of hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia may occur. These conditions should be prevented with appropriate doses of glucose and insulin. For successful postoperative management of patients with diabetes, the joint work of an anesthesiologist, surgeon and endocrinologist is required, as well as the awareness of medical staff about hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic conditions. The first 3-5 days after surgery, the blood sugar level should be examined every 3 hours. Once a day, urine should be examined (Marton, 1957). It must be borne in mind that in patients with mild diabetes, who usually do not need insulin therapy and go on a diet, sharp metabolic disturbances can develop in the postoperative period up to the state of coma [R. Konigstein, 1959]. The postoperative management of diabetes patients is illustrated by the following observation. Leonid B., 21 years old. East bol. 57. He entered the surgical department of the Zakharyino hospital on 19 / I 4960 with a diagnosis of tuberculoma with decay in the upper lobe of the right lung, TB (+). Severe diabetes mellitus. Complains of general weakness. In 1947, at the age of nine, he became ill with diabetes. In 4955, a routine examination revealed tuberculous infiltrate in the right lung, TB (-). Imposed right-sided artificial pneumothorax, complete thoracocaustic produced. Two years later, the patient left pneumothorax. In 1958, an outbreak of the tuberculosis process. TB [(+). Conducted chemotherapy. Since 1959, protein was found in urine. Blood test: HB 78 units, er. 4.300.000, l. 12.000, e. 1, p. 7, p. 58, lymph. 28, mon. 6; ROE 21 mm / h. Fasting blood sugar 366 mg%. Blood bilirubin 6.4 mg% according to Bokalchuk Blood proteins 19.1 g%. Prothrombin index 84%. Residual blood nitrogen 18 mg%. In urine, 3-4% sugar, 0.33-0.99% o protein (diabetic nephropathy). The concentration ability of the kidneys is preserved. An X-ray examination showed tuberculoma with decay in the upper lobe of the right lung. Preoperative preparation for two months. Operation 29 / III 1960: removal of the upper lobe of the right lung. After the operation, blood sugar levels were monitored every 3 hours. The lung straightened somewhat slowly. The removed hemorrhagic fluid contained 443 mg% sugar. Treatment: dihydrostreptomycin 1 g, penicillin 900 thousand units. per day. Doses of insulin depending on the blood sugar level On the 3rd day after surgery, the patient received insulin: at 6 hours 30 minutes. – 36 units, at 12 hours – 20 units, at 16 hours – 20 units, at 19 hours – 28 units (a total of 104 units per day). The diet in the early days is mainly carbohydrate. Anticoagulant treatment is usual. On the 4th day after surgery, erysipelas developed on the foot. The condition worsened sharply .. Temperature up to 41 °, chills, heavy sweats. Leukocytosis 19 800, a sharp shift in the blood count to the left. Blood sugar up to 461 mg%. In urine, up to 6% sugar, acetone appeared. Penicillin is replaced by terramycin (100 thousand units 3 times a day intramuscularly). The dose of insulin increased to 120 units. per day (5-6 injections). After 6 days, erysipelas was completely eliminated, and the patient’s condition gradually became satisfactory. Blood sugar levels decreased to 172-184 mg%, in urine – to 3.4%. The dose of insulin is reduced to 72 units. per day. Two months after the operation, the blood picture completely normalized. ROSE 12 mm / h. The need for insulin – 40 units. per day. Continued treatment with streptomycin (1 g per day). Discharged in a very satisfactory condition on 25 / VI 1960. With a smooth postoperative period, the patient can be transferred from the surgical department to the sanatorium 2 months after the operation. This time is enough for lasting wound healing and identification of the main complications. After treatment in a sanatorium (2-4 months), they decide on the ability to work. If the transfer from the surgical department to the sanatorium is not possible, we will extend the period of inpatient treatment after surgery to 2.5-4 months (depending on home conditions).