Diagnostic criteria for diabetes and other disorders of carbohydrate metabolism (WHO, 1999)
Fasting glycemia – means the blood glucose level in the morning before breakfast after preliminary fasting for> 8 hours.
Postprandial glycemia – means the level of blood glucose 2 hours after a meal.
GTT oral glucose tolerance test
Carried out in case of doubt glycemia values to clarify di agnosia. In this case, glycemia is determined before and 2 hours after oral glucose loading.
| Unusual forms of immune-mediated diabetes | “Stiff-man” – syndrome (immobility syndrome) Antibodies to insulin receptors Antibodies to insulin Others | ||||
| Other genetic syndromes associated with diabetes | Down Syndrome Klinefelter Syndrome Turner Syndrome Tungsten Syndrome Ataxia Friedreich Chorea Huntington Lawrence-Moon-Beadle Syndrome Myotonic Dystrophy Porfiry Prader-Willi Syndrome Other | ||||
| The concentration of glucose in mmol / l (mg%) | |||||
| Whole blood | Plasma | ||||
| Venous | Capillary | Venous | |||
| Norm | |||||
| On an empty stomach | > = 3.3 <= 5.5 (> = 59 <= 99 ) | > = 3.3 <= _ 5.5 (> = 59 <= 99) | > = 4.0 <= 6.1 (> = 72 <110) | ||
| 2 hours after GTT | <= 6.7 (<= 120) | <= 7.8 (<= 140) | <7.8 (<_140) | ||
| Diabetes | |||||
| On an empty stomach | > = 6.1 (> = 110) | > = 6.1 (> = 110) | > = 7.0 (> = 126) | ||
| 2 hours after GTT or 2 hours after a meal (postprandial glycemia) | > = 10.0 (> = 180) | > = 11.1 (> = 200) | > = 11.1 (> = 200) | ||
| Random determination of glycemia at any time of the day, regardless of the time of eating | > = 10.0 (> = 180) | > = 11.1 (> = 200) | > _11.1 (^ 200) | ||
| Impaired glucose tolerance | |||||
| On an empty stomach (if determined) | <6.1 (<110) | <6.1 (<110) | <7.0 (<126) | ||
| 2 hours after GTT | > = 6.7 < 10.0 (> = 120 <180) | > = 7.8 <11.1 (> = 140 <200) | > = 7.8 <11.1 (> = 140 <200) | ||
| Impaired fasting glycemia | |||||
| On an empty stomach and | > = 5.6 <6.1 (> = 100 <110) | > = 5.6 <6.1 (> = 100 <110) | > = 6.1 <7.0 (> = 110 <126) | ||
| 2 hours after a meal (if determined) | <6.7 (<120) | <7.8 (<140) | <7.8 (<140) | ||
Glucose load corresponds to:
• for adults – 75 g of glucose dissolved in 300 ml of water. Drink in 3-5 minutes.
• for children – 1.75 g of glucose per kg of body weight (but not more than 75 g). Drink in 3-5 minutes.
Diabetes diagnosis should be confirmed by repeated determination Glick mission on the other days.
The study of glycemia (for the diagnosis of diabetes) DOES NOT TAKE PLACE:
• against the background of an acute illness, trauma or surgical vmesha stances;
• against the background of short-term use of drugs that increase the level of glycemia (glucocorticoids, thyroid hormones, thiazides, p-address blockers, etc.);
• in patients with cirrhosis.