Normal blood sugar and cholesterol levels

Not all adults know the relationship between glucose and cholesterol in the blood. It is these two indicators that open the picture to the risk of vascular diseases after 50-60 years. It is by these two indicators that doctors evaluate the state of blood vessels in adults. Therefore, it is important to maintain normal levels of sugar and cholesterol in the blood and donate blood for analysis on time. Plasma glucose and cholesterol levels are important. Glucose, as well as cholesterol in the blood, should be normal for everyone. In children, a blood test in decoding is almost the same as in adults, it is normal, you will see tables with sugar and cholesterol in the article. The norm of sugar and total cholesterol in women in the blood is slightly lower than in men, even after 50 and 60 years.

Doctors decided to call sugar in the blood glucose, which is dissolved in the blood. Sugar or glucose is a source of nutrition for body cells and all organ systems, except for the brain. The body can fully exist if blood sugar is within certain limits of the norm.

Adults get glucose from the foods they eat. In order for it to be absorbed by the body as energy, you need a hormone that the pancreas produces – insulin. Biochemical analysis for blood sugar is important.

Blood glucose levels for men and women

With age, glucose accumulates in the blood, and over the years, the figures increase slightly.

Glucose level for men decoding – norm:

  • From the moment of birth to 1 month of life: from three to five mmol / l;
  • From the first month of birth to adolescence: three to six mmol / l;
  • Adolescence – 80 years: from four to seven mmol / l.

There are several factors that have the ability to increase blood sugar – smoking tobacco products, drinking alcohol, eating junk food and an inactive lifestyle.

“12817”] Hyperglycemia (increase) can provoke serious problems with potency in the strong half after 45-55 years.

The rate of glucose and good cholesterol in the blood for women is described below.

The level of glucose for ladies decoding – the norm:

The norm of glucose and total cholesterol in the blood raises questions in women.

  • From the moment of birth to 1 month of life: 2.8-4.5 mmol / l;
  • From the first month of birth to adolescence: 3.4-5.6 mmol / l;
  • Adolescence – 80 years: from three to seven mmol / l.

As you noticed, the glucose level in the fair sex is several mmol lower than in the strong half. This is due to the fact that a woman’s sex hormones are cyclical, even after 50 and 60 years. They use glucose for metabolism. Due to sexual secretion, glucose is excreted much more actively. When a woman enters menopause , glucose levels rise slightly.

General rules for donating blood for sugar

For a reliable study of the glucose content, a biochemical study should be carried out in the laboratory.

Tips for donating blood for biochemical analysis:

  • Donate blood on an empty stomach;
  • Time frame from 7 am to 10 am;
  • You can donate blood for sugar from a finger or a vein;
  • If you are taking antibiotics or ascorbic acid, then you must first complete the course of medication, and then donate blood;
  • glucometer to test your glucose levels at home .

If you donated blood for sugar, and the numbers were out of the norm, then you should repeat the procedure in a week. Sugar fluctuations are inherent in diabetic people. Be sure to visit an endocrinologist. The doctor will decipher the tests and tell you what measures should be taken next.

Symptoms of diabetes

Diabetes has many symptoms. They are the same for the stronger and weaker sex, for adults and children. An endocrinologist treats patients with diabetes mellitus.

Signs in men and women:

  • Weakness;
  • Drowsiness;
  • Lack of appetite or increased feeling of hunger;
  • Strong feeling of thirst;
  • Small volume of urine and frequent urination;
  • The smell of sour apples from the mouth;
  • Fast fatiguability;
  • Weakening of potency in men;
  • Increased sweating;
  • Hand tremor;
  • Active weight loss.

You have diabetes if:

  • Early in the morning on an empty stomach, blood sugar is more than 7 mmol / l;
  • The indicator of glycated hemoglobin (HBA 1c) is above 7%;
  • The level of sugar after loading with carbohydrates is above 11 mmol / l.

What to do if you become a diabetic:

  • Go to the doctor, find out the transcript of the tests;
  • Follow the instructions and prescriptions of the endocrinologist;
  • Do not break the diet (table number 9);
  • Do sport;
  • Independently control blood for sugar and cholesterol;
  • Quit smoking and drinking alcohol.

The level of cholesterol in your blood

If high sugar (hyperglycemia) inflicts a “blow” on the vessels, then elevated cholesterol also does not stand aside and causes a double “blow” to the vessels. This leads to heart and even vascular diseases such as stroke, heart attack, etc.

Cholesterol has two effects on the body. Excess cholesterol “clogs” blood vessels, reducing the capacity of blood vessels. And also cholesterol contributes to the normal production of various hormones, such as estradiol, testosterone, etc.

Everything is clear with blood glucose, but not everything is so simple with cholesterol. Doctors divide the “numbers” of cholesterol into “good” and “bad”. A harmful indicator negatively affects the patient. It clogs blood vessels with plaque. “Good cholesterol” separates them from the walls of blood vessels and sends them to the liver for further redistribution.

Serum cholesterol for both under 65 years of age should be around 5-6 mmol/L. There are acceptable indicators, their indicators are from 5.3 to 6.3 mmol / l. The figures above speak of pathology.

For a breakdown of the biochemical results of the analysis in men, see the table:

Indicators for men in years
15 – 25 From 3 – 5.05;
25 – 35 3.4 – 6.4;
35 – 45 3.8 – 7.1;
45 – 55 4.2 – 7.1;
55 – 80 4.0 – 7.15;
over 80 4.08 – 7.05.

For a breakdown of the biochemical results of the analysis in women, see the table:

Indicators for women in years
15 – 25 3.1 – 5.15;
25 – 35 3.3 – 5.8;
35 – 45 3.9 – 7.0;
45 – 50 4.1 – 7.2;
50 – 80 4.4 – 7.5;
over 80 4.5 – 7.8.

LDL (“negative cholesterol ”):

  • It is desirable to have readings from 2.6 to 3.3 mmol / l.
  • Permissible up to 4.1 mmol/l;
  • Pathology above 6 mmol / l.

HDL (“positive cholesterol ”):

  • The norm is from one to 1.6 mmol / l.
  • F: in the range from 1.3 to 1.5 mmol / l.
  • M: in the range from one to 1.3 mmol / l.
  • Pathology is less than 1 mmol / l.

What to do if blood sugar and cholesterol are elevated

The patient must adhere to the rules so that there are no diagnoses of diabetes mellitus, stroke and heart attack:

  • Contact an endocrinologist;
  • Try to lose weight if you are overweight;
  • Get rid of bad habits;
  • Lead a sporty lifestyle;
  • Compliance with the prescribed diet;
  • Cook food for a couple, bake and boil;
  • Avoid stress and anxiety;
  • Keep a diary of the food you have eaten;
  • Independently take tests and be able to decipher them;
  • Take medication prescribed by your doctor.

How to lower sugar and cholesterol

To lower sugar, you need to take hypoglycemic drugs. They are prescribed by an endocrinologist, selects the dose based on the degree of hyperglycemia.

  • glibenclamide and glikazide for a low degree of hyperglycemia. They operate 24 hours.
  • Glucophage and metformin are biguanides . In addition to lowering sugar levels, they also lower cholesterol levels for men and women over 50-60 years old.
  • Insulin is given by subcutaneous injection. It is prescribed for deep insulin deficiency. The dose of insulin is calculated by the doctor.
  • With insulin therapy, men and women aged 50-60 years are prescribed drugs belonging to the class of statins and fibrates . Statins are taken strictly 1 time per day, at night, because cholesterol is actively produced at night. Fibrates are prescribed for elevated triglyceride levels.

How to maintain a healthy lipid balance

Proper nutrition is essential to maintain healthy lipid metabolism. Dietary cholesterol should be consumed up to 300 mg per day. The share of fats in the menu is not less than 50-60%. Adhere to the principles of fractional nutrition, eat up to 5 times a day.

Do not limit the use of varieties of fatty fish, nuts, citrus fruits, vegetables and mineral water.

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